By default each node does not enable you to retrieve the information about any transaction on the blockchain - only those which have affected that node's wallet.
If you want to change this behavior, please add the following runtime parameter before you connect a node for the first time:
txindex=1
Below are details about where to enter the runtime parameters:
http://www.multichain.com/developers/runtime-parameters/
The ability to reindex a blockchain after a node has connected is controlled by the reindex=1 but this does not yet work correctly in the current alpha of MultiChain.